← ENGINEERING JOURNAL

FEB 06, 2026 · 8 MIN

Understanding RAG from First Principles

A practical mental model for retrieval, grounding, evaluation, and failure.

01 / SECTION

Retrieval is a product decision

Chunking, ranking, and context assembly decide which evidence the model can see. These are product behaviors, not invisible plumbing.

02 / SECTION

Evaluate the chain

Retrieval quality and answer quality need separate measures so a fluent answer cannot hide missing evidence.

03 / SECTION

Design for abstention

A dependable assistant must know when the available context is not enough.

RELATED WORK

PROJECT / Enterprise Knowledge AssistantLAB 002 / RAG Chunking Bench